Build Up, Get Around

Congratulations Architect! You have the opportunity to participate in the ‘Building Up, Get Around’ International Design Challenge to create the most anticipated building of our time: a building that is created on a planet unknown to all. Only one can win the privilege to build the first building on a planet other than Earth. However, you will not know the environmental conditions of the planet until the time is right. You must be prepared for every possible building condition. Your design will be judged on the building esthetics, materials used, design principles incorporate, appropriately building for your environmental conditions and justifying the choices you have made in your design. Are you willing to accept the challenge? [[Yes, I’m ready for the challenge of a lifetime!]] [[Yes, but I’m nervous to get started]]

In order to begin, you must prepare for the fact-finding adventure you are about to embark upon. In this race around the world, you will need to choose the best route to get from Singapore all the way around the world. When you complete a challenge, you will be given a list of countries you are allowed to travel to next. Each country will help you gain valuable knowledge that will assist you in your final design challenge. Choose wisely as you will not have the opportunity to go to every country. One wrong choice and you may not have the necessary information you need to complete your final building design. [[I will do my best to make the best design choices possible]]

You will need to document your adventure to be shared with others when you become famous. Through the various activities, you should keep notes of things that are important and that might help you in your building design in your notebook. The better your notes are, the better your chances are of creating the building that will be known for years to come. Throughout your journey, you will be responsible for a number of things. Successful Architect Brief: 1. Create an application for the ‘Building Up, Get Around’ International Design Challenge. Creating a character sketch and summary of who you are, what you’ve done and where you’ve been. Be creative! 2. Keep your passport updated with the countries you have travelled to and the information that might be useful for similar environments. (You will have a Google Presentation in your HWW folder entitled ‘Passport’.) Be sure to go through immigration and security to get your passport checked and stamped before you will be allowed to travel to the next country! 3. You must share your adventures travelling by documenting it. This will become an important autobiography in case you become famous from designing the building for a new planet. This should be a combination of pictures, and words. It should take the form of a graphic novel. 4. Expect the unexpected. Travelling isn’t always easy and there are bumps in the road. Don’t try to take shortcuts to get ahead. 5. Think and act as an architect would at all times. Are you ready?? [[Let's Go!]]

Travel to Chatsworth International School to receive the full details about how to complete your application to be a part of the design challenge. Once complete, take it to the application office and share with the Submission Committee. [[Application Submitted]]

Congratulations! You have been selected as one of only sixteen talented architects from around the world to embark on this adventure. When you arrive at a location, no matter where you are, you must complete the challenge before reporting it. The security and immigration officers will determine if you are able to continue onto the next leg of the race. They also have the ability to deport you to another country should you need to revisit certain details. [[I understand]]

Congratulations! You are off to a good start. Travel to Marina Bay Sands for an excellent view of the city. Be sure to take a dip in the pool on the top floor. You will learn more about Marina Bay Sands as you travel and find your next task there on the map. [[Go to Marina Bay Sands, Singapore]]

Location: Marina Bay Sands, Singapore Marina Bay Sands is one of Singapore's most famous buildings. It also is the world's second most expensive building to build. It opened on April 27, 2010. With it's 3 towers of 55 floors, it towers high in the Singapore skyline. It also includes a casino, shopping and Sands SkyPark above. Find this luxury hotel on the map to and learn more about this iconic building. When you have completed the activity, head over to the Singapore Flyer for a different perspective of the city. [[Go to the Singapore Flyer]]

Location: Changi Airport, Singapore Eek! You're running late for your flight and there is an extra baggage fee you forgot about. In order to check your luggage you must complete an activity about what is in your luggage. Look for Changi Airport on the map to find out what to do and hurry! You don't want to miss your flight. Changi airport has an area of 13 kilometres squared. With 3 terminals, Changi Airport serves over 53.7 million people who are arriving and departing from Singapore each year. Not only do people use this airport, but cargo too. In 2014, 1.85 million tonnes of cargo was handled. This airport wins a substantial amount of awards each year. If you complete the task, head to security and immigration before it's too late to catch your flight. [[Go to immigration & security]]

Congratulations! Be sure the immigration officer stamps your passport. You are off to another Asian country. When you arrive in any country from now on, you must complete enough activities to earn you 100L of fuel to move to the next country. There will be different activities posted within the country on the map. Each activity will tell you how much fuel you can earn for that activity. In your travel chart, log the distance you will be travelling in kilometres from Singapore to your new country. Then change it to metres and provide how long it will take to get there. This will be your only reminder to keep that chart updated. Which country would you like to choose as your next pitstop of information? Define what perimeter is and how you can find it before you arrive! [[Thailand]] [[Vietnam]] [[Cambodia]]

Location: Thailand Thailand has a rich and vibrant culture that influences the architecture here. Thailand tries to preserve the old historic buildings while also creating new modern ones as well. The buildings are developed for a variety of reasons and purposes. Thailand gets extremely hot at times. In addition, many are designed for religious purposes which is why there are many Buddhist temples. In parts of Thailand, houses were raised off the ground as there was flooding. In the past, Thai houses were built with a focus on materials (what materials used, where they built it, the direction of the house), construction and having a guardian spirit. In the more modern houses, these became less important. Most houses were made with wood or bamboo. Nowadays, houses are made of many materials. There are a number of famous buildings and structures within Thailand: Robot Building <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQOE5hUmNBR0l0bDA/preview" width="680" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://openbuildings.com/buildings/the-bank-of-asia-robot-building-profile-13552) Grand Palace <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQSWVJdXpNVjkzTnc/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.planetware.com/photos-large/THA/grand-palace.jpg) Key Wat, Mahathat Sukhothai <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQYmpITlo3U1V2REE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://wallpapers.free-review.net/63__Meditation_is_Key_Wat_Mahathat_Sukhothai_Thailand.htm) Elephant Building <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQRzZ1N292ZERGSWM/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.travelettes.net/10-odd-buildings-around-the-world/) Temple of Wat Rong Khun, Chiang Mai <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQSWg1OGxEN0ZGX00/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.dosomethingdifferent.com/experiences/chiang_rai_city_and_temples) Reclining Buddha (Wat Pho) <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTkhYSlZWRURQRjg/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/8d/Reclining-Buddha-Full.gif) [[Go to Vietnam*]] [[Go to Cambodia*]]

Location: Cambodia The Khmer empire influenced the design and architecture of many buildings, including Angkor Wat. Many buildings are facing east as this is where the sun rises. The ancient temples of Cambodia were usually created using brick or standstone. Also those materials could be combined with laterite (reddish brown stone). The temples in the Angkor Wat complex were constructed as funerary temple dedicated to the god Vishnu.Within the temples, some contain shrines, galleries, faces and are beautifully decorated. There are even specific words to describe Khmer architecture: NAGA: Benevolent mythical water serpent; the naga - a stylised cobra with multiple heads, always uneven in number from three to nine, arranged in a fan. APSARA: heavenly female figure GOPURA: crowned or covered gate entrance to a religious area LINGA: symbol and one of the forms of Shiva. Embedded in a pedestal shaped to allow drainage of lustral water poured over it MERU: sacred or cosmic mountain at the centre of the world in Hindu Buddhist cosmology home of the God BRAHMA: The Creator, one of the Gods of Hindu trinity usually represented with four faces VISHNU: The Protector, one of the gods of the Hindu trinity, generally with four arms holding a disc, ball or a club SHIVA: the Destroyer of evil, symbolized by linga (Exceprt from The Angkor Guide: http://cambodianarchitecture.visitwonders.com/en/guide-detail/cambodian-architecture-2-52.htm) The Royal Palace, Phnom Penh <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQbnBOVndVS3poWlU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.all-free-photos.com/images/panoramiques-3/PA0537-hr.jpg) Cambodia Independence Monument <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQWlgwZEdSeld2Vm8/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.cathyandgarystravelpages.com/independence_monument.htm) Angkor Wat <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTFo1R1k4TS1DeFE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.e-architect.co.uk/images/jpgs/cambodia/independence_monument_tr140909_1.jpg) Ta Prohm Temple <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQUTR4a01Ydy1Ca0k/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.amazingplacesonearth.com/ta-prohm-temple-cambodia/) Bayon Temple <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQdFM3a2lBMDVmamc/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: https://oknufsaid.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/cambodia-2009-281.jpg) [[Go to Vietnam*]] [[Go to Thailand*]]

Location: Vietnam The ancient architecture in Vietnam could be divided into different categories: military, palaces, religious, traditional villages and landscape gardens. Most of the ancient buildings were built before the 1900s. Ancient Vietnamese houses were built of wood and created with the purpose to keep animals out. Because of the tropical climate, floods and rain, the houses were often built on top of bamboo stilts that raised the houses above ground. You can see Chinese influence in the royal tombs, some houses and many of the pagodas. As time went on, many of the buildings became more influenced by Europe and were more creatively constructed. The climate also affects the buildings. It is cold and dry and then warm and rainy. Architects had to build to meet these needs. Bitexco Financial Tower <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQaXMyU3JDQjl2ZzQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Bitexco_Financial_Tower_20022012_cropped.JPG) Saigon Bridge <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQd2RzeXp1RXJ1bzg/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://www.ranker.com/pics/N1959855/saigon-bridge-bridge-roads-photo) Reunification Palace <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQRmkyelk2cmR3RDg/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/special-reports/94248/10-famous-architectures-of-saigon.html) HCM City Opera House <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQNUZ4R1JpVzEyRVE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/special-reports/94248/10-famous-architectures-of-saigon.html) Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee Building <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQb0E4Vkd6ZkdEVlU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/special-reports/94248/10-famous-architectures-of-saigon.html) Saigon Central Post Office <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQdlVZQzlueDEydTQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/special-reports/94248/10-famous-architectures-of-saigon.html) Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQYU9xZER4VW1CMjA/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> (image from: http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/special-reports/94248/10-famous-architectures-of-saigon.html) [[Go to immigration and security]]

Location: South Korea Traditional Korean architecture can be seen in many of the buildings and structures in cities like Seoul. Even with new buildings, there still remains a taste of history scattered amongst the city.South Korea has plans to continue to build many tall buildings in the future in the main cities. There is a rich history of culture, food, technology and sports. These influences are often reflected in the buildings. Sometimes buildings are created with a purpose (for example: a stadium for sports). Others are inspired by these factors. As they build more buildings and at a faster rate, the historical touches in the design begin to fade and the concrete, angular buildings are built. The traditional hanok villages are few now. There is a famous village that is viewable by the public. There are 5 palaces in Seoul,South Korea, all varying in size. There is also a lot of nature. Hopefully all of their nature isn't bought by companies who want to build skyscrapers. Enjoy your time in the airport in Seoul as it has been awarded the 'Best Airport' many years. Find a task that will refuel you 100L in South Korea. When you have completed it, head to the airport and go to India! Be sure to update your chart to track the distances of your flight! Changdeokgung Palace <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQT2lwU2E0SkRQVVE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changdeokgung N Seoul Tower <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTjR2V0JzLUkzUEk/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> Image from: https://koreaonmymind.wordpress.com/2012/02/03/photo-of-the-day-24-n-seoul-tower/ Namdaemun Gate 63 Building - This building is 249m tall and the third largest in South Korea. https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQaVRUNnV4UzRNeGM/edit image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_Building Hanok Village <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQS3hsbHNIaUExQ2M/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> Image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Bukchon_Hanok_Village.jpg [[Go to India ]]

Location: China The speed of building in China is like no other. One morning you go to school and a building is there. By the time you come home, it's gone. The next day when you return home, there is a brand new building. Things change at a rapid pace but there is many pieces of beautiful architecture there. Chinese architecture takes its influence from other Asian countries such as Vietnam, South Korean and Japan. Symmetry is very important in Chinese architecture. One side of the building should be symmetrical to the other side. There are also often enclosures within the structures. This means that you might find a courtyard in the centre of the building. If you were wealthy, you would build low rise buildings but cover a lot of space. That means the height of the building was small but the width was very big. Buildings were created with materials such as wood (though it didn't survive long) and then brick and stone later as time and building designs evolved. The important features of Chinese buildings included: - the foundation (often buildings were on platforms) - structural beams (long beams to support the roof) - structural connections - walls - straight or multi - inclined roofs - roof apex - roof top decoration Find a task that will refuel you 100L in China. When you have completed it, head to the airport and go to India! Be sure to update your chart to track the distances of your flight! The Forbidden Palace <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQNVVOVGEySWJPbDg/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: http://www.beijingholiday.com/assets/images/attractions/forbidden-city/gate_to_forbidden_city.jpg Terracotta Warriors <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQOE1mT2NXYmVUVDA/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from:http://famouswonders.com/terracotta-warriors-in-xian/ Summer Palace <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQRTc0YmpjVjh5WVk/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: http://www.kinabaloo.com/summer_palace.html The Great Wall of China <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQVmE0cXlibUZnZjg/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> Image from: http://www.full-stop.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Great-wall-of-china-1024x675.jpg Temple of Heaven <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQRjZLZHdHbFc5LVk/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: http://travelcie.com/?attachment_id=2855 Xi'an Ancient City Wall <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQbHY5MW9vNmVKQU0/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: http://www.chinavacations.biz/xian/xian-city-wall.html [[Go to India ]]

Location: Japan One of the most important things to consider when building in Japan is creating buildings and structures that will be able to stand an earthquake. Here is an interesting article to learn more about how some architects are working to solve this problem: https://www.asme.org/engineering-topics/articles/construction-and-building/made-in-japan-earthquake-proof-homes When you think of tradition Japanese houses, they are usually created as wooden structures. Traditional buildings often are slightly off the ground and have sliding doors. These sliding doors were used instead of stationary walls. This was so that the sides of the buildings could be changed depending on the occasion. The roofs are either tiles or thatched. There are not a lot of tables or chairs within the buildings as most people sat on the cushions on the floor. However, a more modern design of buildings has now swept the nation. Many of the newer buildings are tall and sleek. They have been influenced by technology and design and have some of the brightest architects. Find a task that will refuel you 100L in Japan. When you have completed it, head to the airport and go to India! Be sure to update your chart to track the distances of your flight! Kinkaku-ji <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTFVLX1JfV3JWczA/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> Image from: www.shokoku-ji.jp/k_access.html Tokyo Tower <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQbWM1Nm1ZZTRBZ1U/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.tokyotower.co.jp/ Himeji Castle <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQQmw0aGJ1RTB6Ulk/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.city.himeji.lg.jp/guide/castle/ Tokyo Skytree <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQMi1QSWVSRnJrYkE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.tokyo-skytree.jp/en/ Osaka Castle <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQenN5VE9hSkxBeWs/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.osakacastle.net/ Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcXhIemZFelo0X0E/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.metro.tokyo.jp/ [[Go to India ]]

It's time to head off to a new designation further north in Asia. Where would you like to go next? Perhaps you feel like Japanese sushi, or Korean barbecue or Chinese noodles. [[Go to South Korea]] [[Go to China]] [[Go to Japan]]

Your passport has been reviewed by immigration & security. Security and immigration officers have instructed you to: [[Proceed to board the plane*]] [[Need to stay longer before you are ready to depart*]]

[[Go to South Africa]] [[Go to Uganda]] [[Go to Tanzania]]

[[Go to South Korea]] [[Go to China]] [[Go to Japan]]

South Africa The oldest city in South Africa is Cape Town. Cape Town has a lot of historical buildings which are still used and opened to visitors. The South Africa’s oldest building is the Castle Of Good Hope. It took 13 years to build the Castle. It was finished in 1679, which means the castle has been there for 336 years! The Cape Winelands are famous for Cape Dutch architecture, and vineyards dotting the landscape. The buildings were built by Dutch farmers who first came to the area during the 1600s and 1700s.Many original Cape Dutch-style buildings are protected as being part of South Africa’s national heritage. (By Freddie & Karolina) [[Go to Uganda*]] [[Go to Tanzania*]] <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTW5hdVB1Z21wbFE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcERubGtpVG9aa28/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTk5PTjJrckJjTUU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQNVIwOHphNkw3VE0/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQc1I2czhxckVNSzQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcWp6eVhaX0RUcVU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe>

Uganda A rounded hut is very typical in Uganda. The huts were not made of expensive materials but rather mud and grass. The huts were often built in groups or clusters to create a community for a tribe. The main purpose of buildings was for living in. Over time, Uganda experienced some urbanisation and more buildings began to be built. The buildings had specific purposes such as administration, a court, a hotel or a few shops. Only 15 % of Uganda is urbanized though. These buildings take inspiration from both Asia and the British. The church has become a very important building in most communities. The climate can be wet at times but also very dry. This is something to take into account when building here. [[Go to South Africa*]] [[Go to Tanzania*]] Bahá'í House of Workshop <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQYVdsOVhlUUF2cHc/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Baha'i_House_of_Worship,_Kampala,_Uganda.jpg <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQQjZsSU1yTFJiNHM/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.e-architect.co.uk <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQdXh5OG1CamtROFE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.e-architect.co.uk <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcnE2MEtxNnExVWs/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe>image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Kampala_Kasubi_Tombs.jpg

Tanzania Tanzania has a lot of history that is reflected in the buildings and structures as well as the ruins that remain today. The traditional housing is based upon the space and what is around the home such as agriculture. The houses can vary a bit. The inside of the home is broken into sections such as a section for women, child and men, cooking and animals. Some houses look more like a beehive shape while others are rectangular. The materials will also vary depending on the environment. Nowadays, the traditional housing isn't what is being built. Rather the 'European' influences are being seen in houses being built that are more of a rectangular prism with a roof. These houses are made from brick, wood, earth and thatch. A new idea being seen is that the kitchen is now outside rather than inside the home. [[Go to South Africa*]] [[Go to Uganda*]] <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQSV9WcG9tQlNZcG8/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: knowledge.allianz.com <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQMkZLWGZzYzJhclk/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.gapforceblog.org <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQV1ZUMzhLR09tZTQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.businessdailyafrica.com <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQVHotVnBwNmVpcGM/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: inhabitat.com

[[Go to Egypt]] [[Go to Madagascar]]

Uganda A rounded hut is very typical in Uganda. The huts were not made of expensive materials but rather mud and grass. The huts were often built in groups or clusters to create a community for a tribe. The main purpose of buildings was for living in. Over time, Uganda experienced some urbanisation and more buildings began to be built. The buildings had specific purposes such as administration, a court, a hotel or a few shops. Only 15 % of Uganda is urbanized though. These buildings take inspiration from both Asia and the British. The church has become a very important building in most communities. The climate can be wet at times but also very dry. This is something to take into account when building here. [[Go to immigration & security (SA1)]] Bahá'í House of Workshop <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQYVdsOVhlUUF2cHc/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Baha'i_House_of_Worship,_Kampala,_Uganda.jpg <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQQjZsSU1yTFJiNHM/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.e-architect.co.uk <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQdXh5OG1CamtROFE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.e-architect.co.uk <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcnE2MEtxNnExVWs/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe>image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Kampala_Kasubi_Tombs.jpg

Tanzania Tanzania has a lot of history that is reflected in the buildings and structures as well as the ruins that remain today. The traditional housing is based upon the space and what is around the home such as agriculture. The houses can vary a bit. The inside of the home is broken into sections such as a section for women, child and men, cooking and animals. Some houses look more like a beehive shape while others are rectangular. The materials will also vary depending on the environment. Nowadays, the traditional housing isn't what is being built. Rather the 'European' influences are being seen in houses being built that are more of a rectangular prism with a roof. These houses are made from brick, wood, earth and thatch. A new idea being seen is that the kitchen is now outside rather than inside the home. [[Go to immigration & security (SA1)]] <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQSV9WcG9tQlNZcG8/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: knowledge.allianz.com <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQMkZLWGZzYzJhclk/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.gapforceblog.org <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQV1ZUMzhLR09tZTQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.businessdailyafrica.com <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQVHotVnBwNmVpcGM/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: inhabitat.com

South Africa The oldest city in South Africa is Cape Town. Cape Town has a lot of historical buildings which are still used and opened to visitors. The South Africa’s oldest building is the Castle Of Good Hope. It took 13 years to build the Castle. It was finished in 1679, which means the castle has been there for 336 years! The Cape Winelands are famous for Cape Dutch architecture, and vineyards dotting the landscape. The buildings were built by Dutch farmers who first came to the area during the 1600s and 1700s.Many original Cape Dutch-style buildings are protected as being part of South Africa’s national heritage. (By Freddie & Karolina) [[Go to immigration & security (SA1)]] <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTW5hdVB1Z21wbFE/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcERubGtpVG9aa28/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQTk5PTjJrckJjTUU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQNVIwOHphNkw3VE0/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQc1I2czhxckVNSzQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQcWp6eVhaX0RUcVU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe>

Egypt Egypt is popular for the pyramids. The oldest pyramid in Egypt is called the Great Pyramid at Giza, which is the largest pyramids of the three Giza pyramids. The Great Pyramid was built in 2528 BC. It is also the 2nd civilization in the world. Instead of queens and kings, Egypt had Pharaohs. Pharaohs ruled Egypt until they died. Once they’ve died, they were buried deep under the ground with gold and jewellery. The ancient Egyptians had magnificent temples. They believed that they were homes for gods and goddesses. The temples were built out of stone. Many temples contained huge statues of pharaohs or carvings with pharaohs and gods. (By Freddie & Karolina) [[Go to Turkey]]

Madagascar Construction in Madagascar is done out of many materials - plants, wood, earth as well as more modern materials. Using plant materials, home could be one story tall and often be on stilts with a roof with a peak. The architecture was also similar to Indonesia. Reeds, wood, bamboo and other plant material. Many things were woven such as the mats and even walls at times using some of the more flexible materials. The construction of tombs were very important. Stone was saved specifically for the building of tombs. Nowadays, Madagascar is becoming more modernised with European influences for some of their architecture. [[Go to Turkey]]

Your passport has been reviewed by immigration & security. Security and immigration officers have instructed you to: [[Proceed to board the plane]]

Turkey In Turkey, there is a famous building called Blue Mosque. It’s correct name is The Sultan Ahmed Mosque named after the 14th Ottoman Sultan Ahmed 1st who designed the construction. It began being built in 1609 and took seven years to build. The most striking feature of the exterior is the beautiful domes that cascade down from the great central dome. One of the tourist attraction in Turkey is Hagia Sophia known as Ayasofya in Turkish. It was built by the orders of Byzantine Emperor Constantine II in 360 AD, but it was destroyed by Theodosius the 2nd in 405 AD. It was rebuilt by the orders of Emperor Justinian who wanted to construct a larger and more modern building. (By Freddie & Karolina) [[Go to Immigration & Security (SA2)]]

England In England there is the Tower Of London,it was built In the early 1080s, William the Conqueror began to build the Tower of London.The oldest part of the Tower of London is the White Tower.The Main reason it ways Built is because they were under attack a lot so they made it to protect themselves.They also got in a lot of fights with the commenters because they had to defend themselves when it came to war.They also built the tower of london as a safe place for the CROWN JEWELS.The CROWN JEWELS are part of the precious and religious objects used in the english coronation,Back then they used them to make the ruler King or Queen.Now days the do the same.At the tower of london there are meny people who help sucrue the place.It also used to be a prison where bad people got kept.Some people did such horrid things there head got chopped off.Henry llllllll ( the 8th) chopped of two of his wifes heas because they did not help him( had not kids with him) Fun Fact: No one knows when the ravens arrived at the Tower Of London.Legend says Charles ll (the second) order the ravens to be killed.But someone told him if the ravens die or leave the Tower and the kingdom will fall(be destroyed buildings falling houses collapsing) .So the ravens have been kept at the tower ever since.They had their wings clipped so they could not fly away from the tower. (By Karolina, Freddie & Isabel) [[Go to France]] [[Go to Italy]]

Poland Poland has a lot of cool structures like The Royal Castle of Wawel. This castle was built by Florentine Santi Gucci in the 16th century.It is in Krakow. It was built to protect the whole city. The castle grounds are really big. Did you know before the whole castle ground was the whole city. There is also a building called the crooked little house. It is a building that irregularly shaped building. It was built in 2004. It takes up about 4,000 metres squared It was designed by Szotyńscy & Zaleski who were inspired by fairytale illustrations and drawings of Jan Marcin Szancer and Per Dahlberg. There’s also a house that was built upside down. It was finished in 2007 it was designed by Daniel Czapiewski. (By Karolina, Freddie & Isabel) [[Go to France]] [[Go to Greece]]

Romania A popular architectural design in the middle ages was the wooden churches that were built. As time went on, there continued to be more Western influences on the architecture, especially in Transylvania. Though some of the monuments and churches still have the Transylvanian Gothic style. Many of the buildings were destroyed from the middle ages over time due to fires, earthquakes and war. Trei Ierarhi Monastery in Iaşi is a unique monastary because of the technique used to build it. It was quite striking using gold and lapis lazuli on the front side of the building. The blue and gold decoration was quite the sight. Some great architects from Romania include Petre Antonescu, Horia Creanga and Duiliu Marcu. [[Go to Greece]] [[Go to Italy]]

France France has been influenced by many innovations when it comes to architectures, often leading the way at times. From Baroque to Neoclassism to Gothic, France has been transformed by architecture through some of the most famous buildings and structures of all time. Palace of Versailles This is famous for being the place of government especially while King Louis XIV, Louis XV and Louis XVI were in power. It also has a Hall of Mirrors consisting of 357 mirrors. By far, it is one of the most visited buildings in France. Eiffel Tower The designer of the Eiffel Tower Alexandre Gustave Eiffel. He chose to use iron and create a lattice effect by the way the structure was created. It is 324m tall. This would be like having a 81 floor building!While it might sway up to 6-7cm in the wind, it was carefully designed using mathematics to ensure it's stability. The structure is painted every few years and sometimes the paint colour is changed slightly. Notre Dame of Paris Notre Dame means 'our lady of Paris' and is a beautiful cathedral that was built over 800 years ago. Paris is also responsible for the 'birth of Art Deco'. [[Go to Spain]]

Italy Italy is known for much more than just pasta, cheese and pizza. There are so many talented architects that have come from Italy and the architecture is rich in history as its influences have changed over time. Ancient Rome was first influenced by Ancient Greece, which allowed Italy to adopt it's own style. From there, the influences continued and Italy continued to stay at the forefront of design. Leaning Tower of Pisa The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower in the city of Pisa. The tower was not originally supposed to lean. However, during construction of it, the foundation was created on soft ground, causing the tower to begin to lean. The tower is about 57m tall. The tower once leaned 5.5 degrees but there has been restoration work done which now allows the tower to only lean 3.9 degrees. Colosseum The Colosseum was about 187m by 155m and 50m high. The area is 75m by 44m. There was yellowish sand that covered wooden floors and the crowd sat in the audience in tiered seating. Entertainment could be found at the colosseum throughout the day beginning with the hunt and killing of animals, then executions and then the gladiators came to compete in combat. [[Go to Spain]]

Greece The architecture of ancient Greece is best known for open-air theatres and temples as well as some of the most amazing architecture. There are two types of buildings: domestic buildings and public buildings. Domestic buildings are houses for families primarily which dates back to having two rooms and built of clay, wood, straw and seaweed. Every city had an open-air theatre as a public building. These open-air theatres were multipurposed both for entertainment as well as meetings. Most temples were rectangles with the length being two times its width.Their buildings were very mathematical and well thoughtout. For public buildings, marble was a favourite material to be used where possible. Clay ornaments and sculptures were found throughout the buildings as decorations. Pillars are often a design feature. [[Go to Spain]]

Spain One of the most famous architects from Spain is Antoni Gaudi. He created the unique design of the Sagrada Familia (the church of the Holy Family) in Barcelona and often it is known as Gaudi's Cathedral because of this. Gaudi studied architecture growing up and this was definitely his greatest accomplishment as an architect. Gaudi was not the only architect on this project but rather took over the lead architect role when he had a disagreement with the other architect. He worked on this project for about 40 years. Gaudi enjoyed using a variety of materials such as cermanics, stained glass and carpentry. These allowed for his unique designs. His love of mathematics and geometry helped to inspire much of his design patterns. [[Go to Immigration & Security Europe*]] [[Need to stay in Europe longer before you are ready to depart.]]

[[Go to Brazil]] [[Go to Argentina]] [[Go to Chile]]

[[Go to France]] [[Go to Italy]] [[Go to Greece]]

Welcome to Brazil! Brazil is full of culture and has heavy influences from Portuguese. However, what you will notice most about Brazil with architecture is clean lines, little detail and a modern feel. One of the world's most famous architect is also from Brazil - Oscar Niemeyer. He was influenced by his father who was a graphid designer. He had a lot of influence on modern architecture and designed many buildings within the Brazilian capital. He designed National Congress of Brazil as well a the Palacio da Alvorada and the Theatre in Ibirapuera Park, which are well known pieces of architecture in Brazil. Oscar also had the honour of designing the UN Headquarters in New York City. He also collaborated frequently with other architects. Other architects such as Joai Batista Vilanova Artigas, Paulo Mendes Da Roche and Jose Augusto Belluci are among the other famous architects from Brazil. [[Go to Argentina*]] [[Go to Chile*]]

Welcome to Argentina! The biggest influence on Argentinian design is Spanish colonialism. Many buildings have been destroyed over time unforunately but those that remain are full of colour and life. There is also influence from many other European countries, creating very uniques buildsings in Argentina. Some of the most famous older buildings include include: Mercado de Abasto: This building originally held tanks of water for the city but is now a museum. The beautiful outside of the building was created through terracotta tiles. Floralis Genérica:This sculpture is quiet a sight! It is a metal (steel and alumnium) sculpture that looks like a flower but also has solar powered. It has 6 metal petals and was a gift to the city by it's architect Eduardo Catalano. Palacio de las Aguas Corrientes: This building was constructed in our of Dante's Divine Comedy. It is 22 floors tall. The floors represent different parts of the after life. [[Go to Brazil*]] [[Go to Chile*]]

Welcome to Chile! The tallest building in South America is from Chile. The Gran Torre Santiago is 64 stories high and 300 metres tall. At one point, the building had the construction stopped because of finanacial reasons. The construction had to stop at about the 22 floor. Eventually they were able to complete the building in 2013. An interesting fact is that it was designed by Pelli Clarke Pelli. They are the same architects who designed the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur.The building also has 6 basement levels and 24 elevators! Can you see a similiarity? Much of the architecture in Chile is very modern.Some of the influences on the design is that it is in an earthquake prone area, thus, architects need to take this into consideration when designing. They also often consider the culture and land as important influences. [[Go to Brazil*]] [[Go to Argentina*]]

Your passport has been reviewed by immigration & security. Security and immigration officers have instructed you to: [[Proceed to board the plane to North America*]] [[Need to stay longer in America before you are ready to depart*]]

[[Go to England]] [[Go to Poland]] [[Go to Romania]]

[[Go to Chile]] [[Go to Brazil]] [[Go to Argentina]]

Proceed to board the plane to North America* [[Go to Los Angeles]] [[Go to New York City]] [[Go to Washington]]

Welcome to LA, USA! Here there are many tall buildings but there are also some beautiful buildings as well. The Union Station, where trains come and go, was one of the last amazing railway stations. The cost was expensive with it costing about 11 million dollars at the time. The Hollywood sign is also a famous snapshot of LA. Here in LA you will find lots of well known celebrities who do movies, dancing and music. It could be the spot where you make it big too! The HOLLYWOOD letters are about 14 m tall and span a distance of 110 m. long. The sign is on the side of Mount Lee in Griffith Park. A famous spot for sports fans is the Dodger Stadium which is home to the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team. LA is also home to other sports teams such as the LA Clippers, the LA Kings (hockey), and the LA Nets (basketball). [[Go to Vancouver]] [[Go to Toronto]] [[Go to Halifax]]

Welcome to New York City, USA The city that never sleeps sure has a lot happening in it! With musicals, sporting events and tons of great restaurants, there is always so much to do! The Empire State building is NYC's second tallest structure. It is a tall 381 m. tall. It is the center of the city's broadcasting and has a large antenna on the top of it. The lightening rod from the top of the building is usually struck more than 20 times a year. It only has 103 floors so be careful looking down but it does have 73 elevators to help you get back down!It was actually built very quickly in just 410 days. There are lots and lots of windows in the building - actually 6,514 windows to be exact. There are many other fun places to explore while in NYC such as Time Square, Rollefeller Centre, and Central Park. The modern city is constantly changing and moving forward in the 21st century. [[Go to Vancouver]] [[Go to Toronto]] [[Go to Halifax]]

Washington, DC, USA The American President happily calls Washington his home. The White House was first selected as a piece of land to live on in 1971 by the first president George Washington. There was a design competition that was won by John Hoban to design the White House that is today. The White House has lot of everything. There are 132 rooms and 35 bathrooms. There are 6 levels in total. There are 412 doors, 147 windows, 28 fireplaces, 8 staircases and 3 elevators. There are also a lot of people who help to run the White House and keep it safe. Now Mr. Obama and his family live in the Whitehouse until the end of his term as President. [[Go to Vancouver]] [[Go to Toronto]] [[Go to Halifax]]

Vancouver Vancouver is a city that has been booming with growth. Therefore the need for the buildings and architecture to develop also grew. Vancouver became known as the 'city of glass' and the aesthetics of lots of glass being used in designs is very apparent. Vancouver has tried to find ways to develop sustainable and environmentally friendly buildings. When building in Vancouver, enviornmental factors are very important to consider. Here, it ranges from wintery days ot hot summer nights with rain in between. The buildings need to take into consideration being near the water but also the mountains and forests. In 2010, Vancouver hosted the Winter Olympics. This prompted Canada to need to build more sporting facilities, housing and recreational buildings. One of the amazing days in Vancouver is to spend a day down at Stanley Park Stanley Park is right on the Ocean and you can walk along the water. You can stop for a snack, ride a bike or even enjoy a leisurely stroll. [[Go to Toronto**]] [[Go to Halifax**]]

Toronto Toronto is a blend of cultures that sits on Lake Ontario. The streets are mapped out in a grid formation. Brick and sandstone are often chosen as the material of choice for building. There is a continuous rise in condominiums as well as financial buildings. One of the most famous buildings is the CN Tower which stands a tall 553m. It once was known as the tallest freestanding building in the world for 31 years until 1975. Many participate in charity fundraising events by climbing the 2,579 stairs inside as fast as they can. The fastest run was under 8 minutes! There is also the opportunity to do the SkyWalk around the outside of the main pod - but this is only for the brave! Whether it's the Royal Ontario Museum, the Hockey Hall of Fame, Distillery District or Art Gallery of Ontario, there is interesting architecture both old and new around each corner of Toronto. [[Go to Vancouver**]] [[Go to Halifax**]]

Halifax Halifax is a beautiful city on the west coast of Canada. Known for good atlantic fish and a vibrant downtown, Halifax has a beautiful harbourfront to stroll along. There are many universities in the city, which means students fill the city. Many of the universities have been around for many years and provide a picturesque scene of stone buildings with vines climbing up their walls. As the seasons change, so do the trees and vines from green to red, yellow and orange to bare branches which provides an everchanging view. The Citadel Hill is a historic site in Halifax with Fort George at the top of it. This used to be an important lookout for protecting the Halifax Harbor. It has been built 4 times and now is in the iconic star shaped fortress. The construction of it was completed in 1856. [[Go to Vancouver**]] [[Go to Toronto**]]

Your passport has been reviewed by immigration & security. Security and immigration officers have instructed you to: [[Proceed to board the plane to Australia]] [[Need to go back and spend some more time visiting North America]]

You are now in Australia! This is your last chance to develop your understanding of all of the things you have learnt. Use the review cards to help you consolidate your learning of area, perimeter, volume and more! Whether you are in Sydney, Melbourne, Perth or the Great Barrier Reef, there is lots to see and learn here! Visit the 'Prime Minister' of the country to get your activity cards to learn more here. When you have got it, go to immigration and security and head to your final checkpoint. [[Go to immigration & security Australia]]

[[Go to Vancouver]] [[Go to Toronto]] [[Go to Halifax]]

Be sure to rush back to Singapore and go directly to the Challenge Headquarters. When you meet the advisory team, they will hand you your final clue to build your building of a lifetime for the unknown planet. [[Return to Build Up Get Around International Challenge Headquarters]]

Your passport has been reviewed by immigration & security. Security and immigration officers have instructed you to: [[Proceed to board the plane to return to Singapore]]

Congratulations! You have made it around the world! Hopefully, you have gathered as much information as you can about different environments, how to build in them and how to use your measurement skills to successfully build the structure of the future! Good luck on the final building task. Think like an inventor, use what you have learnt and take risks!

Location: The Fullerton Hotel, Singapore Pack your bags and time to check out! It's to head around the world. There's just one last thing to do before jumping in a cab at the airport. Before you check out of the hotel, check out the Fullerton Hotel on the map to learn about units of measurement. The Fullerton Hotel hasn't always been known by that name. Previously, it has also been known as The Fullerton Building as well as the General Post Office Building. Previously designed as an office building, a Shanghai design company won the chance to design it in a competition. You could be just like them if you keep up with the challenge! The Fullerton Hotel opened in June of 1928. The original design used Aberdeen granite and is 120m tall. How many centimetres is this? Over time, the government has put a lot of money into restoring the building as well as preserving the original details. Once you have completed the task, head towards Changi Airport to collect your ticket. [[Go pick up your ticket at the airport]]

Location: Raffles Hotel, Singapore Pack your bags and time to check out! It's to head around the world. There's just one last thing to do before jumping in a cab at the airport. Before you check out of the hotel, check out the Raffles Hotel on the map to learn about units of measurement. This hotel first opened in Singapore in 1887. It was named after Stamford Raffles and there are lots of places to eat food within it. Once you have completed the task, head towards Changi Airport to collect your ticket. [[Go pick up your ticket at the airport]]

Your next challenge is important! You must understand measurement so you know how to far you are traveling, and are able to report on it regularly. Create a chart in your book similar to here: https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/document/d/1rWIOUTmYXSH5WjN4RtW1ohZKsdT-EpqrymUP4iMD2P8/edit Once you have done that, travel to the Merlion in Singapore. [[ Go to Merlion]]

The Merlion: Here you will see the famous Merlion from Singapore. The structure was created to represent the beginning of Singapore as a fishing village. It is close to the Fullerton Hotel and looks out at the Marina Bay Sands. It spits out water and was first opened for viewing in 1972. This imaginary half fish, half lion stands a tall 8.6m. Convert 8.6m into centimetres. Hint: 1 metre = 100 cm. When you travel to the Merlion on the map, will find a task there. Once you have completed it, be sure to go to the Submission Committee to check in before moving on. [[Submit your work to the Submission Committee]]

Location: Singapore Flyer The Singapore Flyer stands a tall 165m. How many centimetres is that? Hint: 1 metre= 100 cm How many kilometres is it? Remember 1kilometre= 1000m The Singapore Flyer is the biggest and best of it's kind in the world - the largest observation wheel when it was built. It has been open since April 15, 2008. But in 2014, a wheel in Las Vegas became the largest. It takes about 30 minutes to get around the whole wheel. How far does it travel in 1 minute? From up top, you can see far and wide. Find the Singapore Flyer on the map to find out important tools you might use to help you with measurement. When you finish finding the necessary tools, choose where you wish to rest your head for the night before you jet off to another country and begin to explore the world. [[The Fullerton Hotel]] [[Raffles Hotel]]

Location: India You have arrived in India where the food is delicious! Be sure to find your way 'around the shapes' to successfully complete this task. Culture and religion heavily influence the buildings in India as does money. Those with more money are able to build and live in more luxurious buildings. There are many temples and religious buildings created throughout India. In addition, building design has also been influenced by Britain, France, Dutch and Portugal over the years. Taj Mahal <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQZlhib3Q4cWpFWGc/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taj_Mahal World One <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQdFR0MlNRWWJKbEU/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_One Lotus Temple <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQZEcxWWthYnpBS3M/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: www.bahaihouseofworship.in/ Gateway Of India Mumbai <iframe src="https://docs.google.com/a/chatsworth.com.sg/file/d/0B8CzQ144JJjQYnFMUlM5dzZnUjQ/preview" width="640" height="480"></iframe> image from: https://plus.google.com/100096470261356823388/about?gl=sg&hl=en Once you have completed the refuel activity in India, it's time to travel onwards to Africa. There are many interesting countries to go to from there! Be sure to stop at immigration and security to get your passport stamped. It is important to ensure you have all your visas and paperwork ready for the immigration officer to reduce your wait time. [[Go to Immigration & Security ]]

Welcome to Peru! The Inca ancient city of Machu Picchu is a famous tourist attraction in Peru. It has been realitively well preserved over the years with about 140 houses and buildings. The design is impressive as is the stonework. It is a mystery how the buildings stayed intact being in an earthquake prone area. It seems that the Inca people understood the need to renovate buildings over time though which could have contributed to this. They used granite and limestone as the primary materials for building. It was time consuming to plan where and how to put the stones all together to create the structures. They would put larger stones at the bottom of the buildings and use ramps to help the smaller stone be lifted into place. Many of the building designs are repeated in Machu Picchu. This includes the rectangular building with wooden beams.Some of the rocks were very large though. It was thought that sometimes up to 1800 men were required to move a single piece of rock. Thankfully we have machinery to help move these types of materials now a days. [[Go to immigration & Security (South America)]]